Painlev\'e Transcendent Describes Quantum Correlation Function of the XXZ Antiferromagnet away from the free-fermion point

We consider quantum correlation functions of the antiferromagnetic spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ Heisenberg XXZ spin chain in a magnetic field. We show that for a magnetic field close to the critical field $h_c$ (for the critical magnetic field the ground state is ferromagnetic) certain correlation functions can be expressed in terms of the solution of the Painlev\'e V transcendent. This establishes a relation between solutions of Painlev\'e differential equations and quantum correlation functions in models of {\sl interacting} fermions. Painlev\'e transcendents were known to describe correlation functions in models with free fermionic spectra.Comment: 10 pages, LaTeX2

Разработка HybProb молекулярного маркера на аллель L4 для маркеропосредованной селекции перца сладкого Capsicum spp. на платформе Real-Time

Relevance. One of the conditions for creating a modern high-tech hybrid of sweet pepper is the presence of resistance to the Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV). This virus belongs to the genus Tobamovirus. This virus can spread through seeds, causing enormous damage to the sweet pepper crop. The main method of controlling of virus is the cultivation of F1 hybrids of pepper with genetic resistance. To date, the L4 gene is able to confer resistance to all known strains of this virus. However, there is still no reliable marker system that could be integrated into the MAS. Methods. Based on data from the NCBI, we generated a molecular diagnostic system based on hybridization probes. Validation was performed on seven pepper accessions from the world's germplasm banks. After validation, the new marker was successfully tested on 2540 plants of F2 and F3 generation. Results. Using the experimental marker system Fret4, we tested 7 reference samples of pepper germplasm with full correspondence of the melt peaks to the declared alleles of the L gene (L0/L1/L3/L4). Then, using a marker system, MAS was carried out on 10 populations of an number of 10 thousand plants to identify the L4 allele. As a result, we were able to create a highly accurate and cost-effective marker system for the most important pepper resistance gene. This marker system based on hybridization probes is easily integrated into the MAS, allowing fast and reliable determination of the L4 allele state in sweet pepper breeding to Tobamovirus.Актуальность. Одним из условий создания современного высокотехнологичного гибрида сладкого перца является наличие в нём устойчивости к вирусу мягкой крапчатости (PMMoV), относящемуся к роду Tobamovirus. Данный вирус способен распространяться вместе с семенами, что может приводить к серьезному экономическому ущербу. Основным методом контроля распространения данного заболевания является возделывание устойчивых F1 гибридов перца. На сегодняшний день единственным универсальным источником устойчивости сладкого перца ко всем штаммам PMMoV является аллель гена L — L4. Однако до сих пор не существует надёжной маркерной системы, которая могла бы быть интегрирована в MAS. Методы. На основе данных из базы NCBI нами была сгенерирована молекулярная диагностическая система на основе гибридизационных зондов. Валидация была проведена на семи образцах рода Capsicum из мировых банков гермплазмы. После валидации для тестирования нового маркера использовали расщепляющиеся поколения F2 и F3 ряда селекционных образцов. Результаты. Используя экспериментальную маркерную систему Fret4 нами было протестировано 7 эталонных образцов гермплазмы перца с полным соответствием пиков расплава заявленным аллелям гена L (L0/L1/L3/L4). Далее при помощи маркерной системы был проведён МАS на 10 сортопопуляциях общим числом в 10 тысяч растений для выявления гена L4. В результате нам удалось создать высокоточную и экономически эффективную маркерную систему. Данная маркерная система, основанная на гибридизационных зондах легко интегрируется в МАS, позволяя быстро и надёжно определять аллельное состояние L4 при селекции сладкого перца на устойчивость к Тобамовирусам

Integral operators with the generalized sine-kernel on the real axis

The asymptotic properties of integral operators with the generalized sine kernel acting on the real axis are studied. The formulas for the resolvent and the Fredholm determinant are obtained in the large x limit. Some applications of the results obtained to the theory of integrable models are considered.Comment: 17 pages, 2 Postscript figures, submitted to Theor. Math. Phy

Long-Time Asymptotics of Perturbed Finite-Gap Korteweg-de Vries Solutions

We apply the method of nonlinear steepest descent to compute the long-time asymptotics of solutions of the Korteweg--de Vries equation which are decaying perturbations of a quasi-periodic finite-gap background solution. We compute a nonlinear dispersion relation and show that the $x/t$ plane splits into $g+1$ soliton regions which are interlaced by $g+1$ oscillatory regions, where $g+1$ is the number of spectral gaps. In the soliton regions the solution is asymptotically given by a number of solitons travelling on top of finite-gap solutions which are in the same isospectral class as the background solution. In the oscillatory region the solution can be described by a modulated finite-gap solution plus a decaying dispersive tail. The modulation is given by phase transition on the isospectral torus and is, together with the dispersive tail, explicitly characterized in terms of Abelian integrals on the underlying hyperelliptic curve.Comment: 45 pages. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:0705.034

НОВЫЕ ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИЕ ИСТОЧНИКИ ЦИТОПЛАЗМАТИЧЕСКОЙ МУЖСКОЙ СТЕРИЛЬНОСТИ ЛУКА РЕПЧАТОГО (ALLIUM CEPA L.)

Actual problem in breeding onion (Allium cepa. L) is the identification of cytoplasm type in varieties and F1 hybrids. To create a parent sterile fixing line, is required a cytoplasm of type N. However, heterozygous F1 hybrids and new onion varieties obtained from subsequent generations from F1 fertility hybrids that possess economically valuable traits and meet market requirements are not suitable for creating a sterile fixing line from them, because all hybrid plants has 100% S-cytoplasm or T-cytoplasm type. In order to determine the most desirable parent component with subsequent use in the selection process, the Laboratory of Selection and Seed Production of Onion Cultures of the Gavrish company conducted a phenotypic and molecular analysis of collection samples of onions for the feature of male sterility. The material for research was grown according to the generally accepted technologies for the zone in the city of Krymsk, Krasnodar Territory. Phenotypic analysis of the manifestation of the "male sterility" feature was carried out with the help of visual analysis. As a result of the work, were identified varieties and F1 hybrids that can be used as genetic sources for the creation of new sterile lines and lines of sterility fixers, as well as samples to be used as pollinators. In the future, these lines will be used to create heterotic F1 hybrids with high indicators of economic characteristics with given properties.Актуальной задачей в селекции лука репчатого (Allium cepa. L) является идентификация сортов и гибридов F1 по типу цитоплазмы. Для создания линии закрепителя стерильности требуется цитоплазма N типа, однако гетерозисные гибриды F1 и новые сорта лука репчатого, полученные из последующих поколений от фертильных гибридов F1, обладающие хозяйственно ценными признаками и отвечающие требованиям рынка, не пригодны для создания из них линии закрепителя стерильности, так как цитоплазма всех гибридных растений имеет 100% S или T тип. Чтобы понять, в качестве какого родительского компонента следует использовать селекционный материал, имеющийся в лаборатории селекции и семеноводства луковых культур компании Гавриш, мы проводили фенотипический и молекулярный анализ коллекционных образцов по признаку мужская стерильность. Материал для исследований был выращен по общепринятым для зоны технологиям в г. Крымск, Краснодарский край. Фенотипический анализ проявления признака «мужская стерильность» был проведен на коллекционном материале визуально. Оценка материала с применением real-time PCR на тип цитоплазмы дала возможность выделить источники хозяйственно ценных признаков, в то же время среди них, возможно, найти закрепители стерильности, необходимые для создания трехлинейных гибридов лука репчатого. В результате проведенной работы были определены сорта и гибриды F1, которые можно использовать в качестве генетических источников при создании новых стерильных линий и линий закрепителей стерильности, а также выделены образцы, которые следует использовать как линии-опылители. В дальнейшем эти линии будут использованы при создании гетерозисных гибридов F1 с высокими показателями хозяйственных признаков c заданными свойствами.

Эффективность использования удвоенных гаплоидов в селекции лука репчатого (Allium cepa L.)

Relevance. In onion breeding, quickly obtain aligned material is an urgent target for create parent forms of heterosis hybrids. Using classical methods with helping of backcrosses, this is achieved in 10-12 years. Using the technology of doubled haploids, it is possible to reduce these terms several times, and also to avoid the manifestation of inbred depression when obtaining lines by self-pollination. At the same time, the most effective in the production of haploids is the use of whole flower buds as an explant, unlike ovules and ovaries, the production of which is more time-consuming and labor-intensive.Methods. The doubled onion haploids were obtained by the method of ovule culture on the basis of the biotechnology laboratory of the Gavrish Breeding Center using the technology that based on the methodological recommendations of Monakhos S.G. et al., 2014. DH–onion plants with a developed root system and leaf apparatus were planted in the open ground and grown according to the technology generally accepted for the zone at the sites of the Gavrish breeding center, Krymsk, Krasnodar Territory. The obtained commercial bulbs were evaluated according to the RTG/46/2 method.Results. It was obtain doubled haploids, which were tested for ploidness by flow cytometry. 40 digaploid onion plants have been created. As a result of further development after transplantation into the open ground, storage, springization and selection, 3 uterine bulbs were obtained for further reproduction and inclusion in the breeding process.Актуальность. В селекции лука репчатого актуальной задачей является быстрое получение выровненного материала для создания родительских форм гетерозисных гибридов. Классическими методами с помощью беккроссов это достигается за 10-12 лет. Используя технологию удвоенных гаплоидов, можно в несколько раз сократить эти сроки, а также избежать проявления инбредной депрессии при получении линий путем самоопыления. При этом наиболее эффективным в производстве гаплоидов является использование целых цветочных бутонов в качестве экспланта, в отличие от семяпочек и завязей, получение которых более длительно и трудозатратно.Методика. Удвоенные гаплоиды лука репчатого были получены методом культуры семяпочек на базе лаборатории биотехнологии Селекционного центра «Гавриш» на основе методических рекомендаций Монахоса С.Г. и др., 2014. DH–растения лука репчатого с развитой корневой системой и листовым аппаратом были высажены в открытый грунт и выращены по общепринятой для зоны технологии на участках селекционного центра «Гавриш», г. Крымск, Краснодарский край. Полученные товарные луковицы оценивали согласно методике RTG/46/2.Результаты. Удалось получить удвоенные гаплоиды, которые были проверены на плоидность методом проточной цитометрии. Создано 40 дигаплоиных растений лука репчатого. В результате дальнейшего развития после пересадки в открытый грунт, хранения, яровизации и селекционного отбора получены 3 маточные луковицы для последующего размножения и включения в селекционный процесс

Development of the HybProb molecular marker for the L4 allele for marker-assisted selection of sweet pepper Capsicum spp. on the real-time PCR platform

Relevance. One of the conditions for creating a modern high-tech hybrid of sweet pepper is the presence of resistance to the Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV). This virus belongs to the genus Tobamovirus. This virus can spread through seeds, causing enormous damage to the sweet pepper crop. The main method of controlling of virus is the cultivation of F1 hybrids of pepper with genetic resistance. To date, the L4 gene is able to confer resistance to all known strains of this virus. However, there is still no reliable marker system that could be integrated into the MAS. Methods. Based on data from the NCBI, we generated a molecular diagnostic system based on hybridization probes. Validation was performed on seven pepper accessions from the world's germplasm banks. After validation, the new marker was successfully tested on 2540 plants of F2 and F3 generation. Results. Using the experimental marker system Fret4, we tested 7 reference samples of pepper germplasm with full correspondence of the melt peaks to the declared alleles of the L gene (L0/L1/L3/L4). Then, using a marker system, MAS was carried out on 10 populations of an number of 10 thousand plants to identify the L4 allele. As a result, we were able to create a highly accurate and cost-effective marker system for the most important pepper resistance gene. This marker system based on hybridization probes is easily integrated into the MAS, allowing fast and reliable determination of the L4 allele state in sweet pepper breeding to Tobamovirus

NEW GENETIC SOURCES OF CYTOPLASMIC MALE STERILITY OF ONIONS (Allium cepa L.)

Actual problem in breeding onion (Allium cepa. L) is the identification of cytoplasm type in varieties and F1 hybrids. To create a parent sterile fixing line, is required a cytoplasm of type N. However, heterozygous F1 hybrids and new onion varieties obtained from subsequent generations from F1 fertility hybrids that possess economically valuable traits and meet market requirements are not suitable for creating a sterile fixing line from them, because all hybrid plants has 100% S-cytoplasm or T-cytoplasm type. In order to determine the most desirable parent component with subsequent use in the selection process, the Laboratory of Selection and Seed Production of Onion Cultures of the Gavrish company conducted a phenotypic and molecular analysis of collection samples of onions for the feature of male sterility. The material for research was grown according to the generally accepted technologies for the zone in the city of Krymsk, Krasnodar Territory. Phenotypic analysis of the manifestation of the "male sterility" feature was carried out with the help of visual analysis. As a result of the work, were identified varieties and F1 hybrids that can be used as genetic sources for the creation of new sterile lines and lines of sterility fixers, as well as samples to be used as pollinators. In the future, these lines will be used to create heterotic F1 hybrids with high indicators of economic characteristics with given properties

Phase Equilibria and Interdiffusion in Bimodal High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) and Linear Low-Density Polyethylene (LLDPE) Based Compositions

The compositions based on bimodal high-density polyethylene (HDPE, copolymer of ethylene with hexene-1) and in mixture with monomodal tercopolymer of ethylene with butene-1/hexene-1 (LLDPE, low-density polyethylene) have been studied. Phase equilibrium, thermodynamic parameters of interdiffusion in a wide range of temperatures and ratios of co-components were identified by refractometry, differential scanning calorimetry, optical laser interferometry, X-ray phase analysis. The phase state diagrams of the HDPE—LLDPE systems were constructed. It has been established that they belong to the class of state diagrams of “solid crystal solutions with unrestricted mixing of components”. The paired parameters of the components interaction and their temperature dependences were calculated. Thermodynamic compatibility of α-olefins in the region of melts and crystallization of one of the components has been shown. The kinetics of formation of interphase boundaries during crystallization of α-olefins has been analyzed. The morphology of crystallized gradient diffusion zones has been analyzed by optical polarization microscopy. The sizes of spherulites in different areas of concentration profiles and values of interdiffusion coefficients were determined

Probing Red Blood Cell Membrane Microviscosity Using Fluorescence Anisotropy Decay Curves of the Lipophilic Dye PKH26

Red blood cell (RBC) aggregation and deformation are governed by the molecular processes occurring on the membrane. Since several social important diseases are accompanied by alterations in RBC aggregation and deformability, it is important to develop a diagnostic parameter of RBC membrane structural integrity and stability. In this work, we propose membrane microviscosity assessed by time-resolved fluorescence anisotropy of the lipophilic PKH26 fluorescent probe as a diagnostic parameter. We measured the fluorescence decay curves of the PKH26 probe in the RBC membrane to establish the optimal parameters of the developed fluorescence assay. We observed a complex biphasic profile of the fluorescence anisotropy decay characterized by two correlation times corresponding to the rotational diffusion of free PKH26, and membrane-bounded molecules of the probe. The developed assay allowed us to estimate membrane microviscosity ηm in the range of 100–500 cP depending on the temperature, which paves the way for assessing RBC membrane properties in clinical applications as predictors of blood microrheological abnormalities